Paccar

Reason:
Engine Fan Clutch 2 Control Circuit – Voltage Below Normal or Shorted to Low Source. Low signal voltage detected at the fan control circuit when commanded ON.

Effect:
The fan can stay on continuously or not run at all.

Circuit Description:
The fan control circuit is a device used by the engine to control the fan operation. When the engine control module (ECM) energizes the fan control circuit, the engine fan is engaged. The fan control circuit utilizes a pulse width modulated (PWM) signal. A PWM signal is a pulsed voltage signal between 0-VDC and system voltage. The frequency of the pulsed voltage signal is dependent on the application requirement.

There are two types of fans supported by the fan control circuit; variable speed and ON/OFF. INSITE™ electronic service tool can be used to determine which fan type is currently set up for use. The fan control circuit varies by original equipment manufacturer (OEM). Certain OEMs can use a solenoid return that is wired to the ECM or can use a return that goes to the engine block or chassis ground.

Component Location:
The solenoid is an OEM device and the location is dependent upon the OEM. Refer to the OEM service manual for component location.

Conditions for Running the Diagnostics:
This diagnostic runs when the keyswitch is in the ON position and when the pulse width modulated (PWM) device is getting energized or de-energized. In some cases, the diagnostics can also run at some fixed intervals.

Conditions for Setting the Fault Codes:
The Engine Control Module (ECM) detected the fan control circuit pulse width modulated (PWM) signal was not at system voltage when the pulse width modulated (PWM) signal was commanded ON.

Action Taken When the Fault Code is Active:
The ECM illuminates the amber CHECK ENGINE lamp immediately when the diagnostic runs and fails.

Conditions for Clearing the Fault Code:
1) To validate the repair, perform a key cycle, start the engine and let it idle for 1 minute.
2) The fault code status displayed by INSITE™ electronic service tool will change to INACTIVE immediately after the diagnostic runs and passes.
3) The ECM will turn off the amber CHECK ENGINE lamp immediately after the diagnostic runs and passes.
4) The Reset All Faults command in INSITE™ electronic service tool can be used to clear active and inactive faults.

Shop Talk:
N/A

Possible Causes:
1) A short circuit to ground in the OEM harness
2) A malfunctioning fan clutch solenoid

Reason:
Aftertreatment Diesel Exhaust Fluid Tank Level – Data Valid But Below Normal Operating Range – Most Severe Level. The aftertreatment diesel exhaust fluid tank level has fallen below the critical warning level.

Effect:
Possible reduced engine performance

Circuit Description:
The aftertreatment diesel exhaust fluid level sensor is used to monitor the diesel exhaust fluid level inside the diesel exhaust fluid tank.

Component Location:
The aftertreatment diesel exhaust fluid tank level sensor is located in the aftertreatment diesel exhaust fluid tank. Location of the tank and level sensor is OEM dependent. Refer to the OEM service manual.

Conditions for Running the Diagnostics:
This diagnostic runs continuously when the keyswitch is in the ON position or when the engine is running.

Conditions for Setting the Fault Codes:
The diesel exhaust fluid tank was critically low

Action Taken When the Fault Code is Active:
1) The Diesel Exhaust Fluid Lamp will be flashing.
2) The ECM illuminates the amber CHECK ENGINE lamp immediately when the diagnostic runs and fails.
3) Engine torque will be severely reduced.

Vehicle speed will be limited to 8 km [5 mi] per hour after the engine has been shutdown, 1 hour of engine idle time, or the fuel tank has been refilled.

Conditions for Clearing the Fault Code:
1) To validate the repair, perform a key cycle, start the engine and let it idle for 1 minute.
2) The fault code status displayed by INSITE™ electronic service tool will change to INACTIVE immediately after the diagnostic runs and passes.
3) The ECM will turn off the amber CHECK ENGINE lamp immediately after the diagnostic runs and passes.
4) The Reset All Faults command in INSITE™ electronic service tool can be used to clear active and inactive faults, as well as extinguish the MIL for OBD applications.

Shop Talk:
This fault code indicates that the Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) level is critically low and there will be a power loss. Engine power will be reduced automatically. This can be corrected by refilling the DEF tank. Normal engine power will be restored after refilling the DEF tank

Possible Causes:
1) Inactive fault codes
2) Faulty ECM

Reason:
Aftertreatment Fuel Pressure Sensor – Data Erratic, Intermittent, or Incorrect. The ECM has detected that the aftertreatment fuel pressure signal is not changing with engine operating conditions.

Effect:
Possible reduced engine performance.

Circuit Description:
The aftertreatment fuel pressure sensor is used to monitor the fuel pressure into the aftertreatment system. The engine control module (ECM) supplies the aftertreatment fuel pressure sensor a 5 volt reference voltage. When the fuel pressure is low, the sensor signal voltage is low. When the fuel pressure is high, the sensor signal voltage is near the 5 volt reference voltage. The ECM monitors the aftertreatment fuel pressure signal circuit voltage to calculate the pressure of the fuel within the aftertreatment system.

Component Location:
The aftertreatment fuel pressure sensor is located in the aftertreatment shutoff valve assembly.

Conditions for Running the Diagnostics:
This diagnostic runs during active regeneration of the aftertreatment diesel particulate filter.

Conditions for Setting the Fault Codes:
The Engine Control Module (ECM) detected the aftertreatment fuel pressure sensor was reading an erratic value, or the aftertreatment fuel pressure reading was not changing with the engine operating conditions.

Action Taken When the Fault Code is Active:
1) The ECM illuminates the amber CHECK ENGINE lamp and/or the Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL) immediately when the diagnostic runs and fails.
2) A default value for the aftertreatment fuel pressure sensor reading is used.
3) Active regeneration of the aftertreatment diesel particulate filter will be disabled unitl the next key cycle.
4) Engine torque will be reduced if the engine is operated for an extended period of time with this fault active.

Conditions for Clearing the Fault Code:
1) To validate the repair, start the engine and perform the INSITE™ electronic service tool Aftertreatment Diesel Particulate Filter Regeneration Test.
2) The fault code status displayed by INSITE™ electronic service tool will change to INACTIVE immediately after the diagnostic runs and passes.
3) The ECM will turn off the amber CHECK ENGINE lamp immediately after the diagnostic runs and passes.
4) For On-Board Diagnostics (OBD) engines, the ECM will extinguish the Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL) after three consecutive trips where the diagnostic runs and passes.
5) The Reset All Faults command in INSITE™ electronic service tool can be used to clear active and inactive faults, as well as extinguish the MIL for OBD applications.

Shop Talk:
N/A

Possible Causes:
1) A malfunctioning in-range aftertreatment fuel pressure sensor
2) A plugged fuel filter
3) A malfunctioning fuel pump gear pump

Reason:
Aftertreatment Fuel Pressure Sensor Circuit – Voltage Above Normal or Shorted to High Source. High signal voltage detected at the aftertreatment fuel pressure sensor circuit

Effect:
Possible reduced engine performance.

Circuit Description:
The aftertreatment fuel pressure sensor is used to monitor the fuel pressure into the aftertreatment system. The engine control module (ECM) supplies the aftertreatment fuel pressure sensor a 5 volt reference voltage. When the fuel pressure is low, the sensor signal voltage is low. When the fuel pressure is high, the sensor signal voltage is near the 5 volt reference voltage. The ECM monitors the aftertreatment fuel pressure signal circuit voltage to calculate the pressure of the fuel within the aftertreatment system.

Component Location:
The aftertreatment fuel pressure sensor is located in the aftertreatment shutoff valve assembly.

Conditions for Running the Diagnostics:
This diagnostic runs continuously when the keyswitch is in the ON position or when the engine is running.

Conditions for Setting the Fault Codes:
The Engine Control Module (ECM) detected the aftertreatment fuel pressure signal voltage was out of range high.

Action Taken When the Fault Code is Active:
1) The ECM illuminates the amber CHECK ENGINE lamp and/or the Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL) immediately when the diagnostic runs and fails.
2) Active regeneration of the aftertreatment diesel particulate filter will be disabled unitl the next key cycle.
3) Engine torque will be reduced if the engine is operated for an extended period of time with this fault active.

Conditions for Clearing the Fault Code:
1) To validate the repair, perform a key cycle, start the engine and let it idle for 1 minute.
2) The fault code status displayed by INSITE™ electronic service tool will change to INACTIVE immediately after the diagnostic runs and passes.
3) The ECM will turn off the amber CHECK ENGINE lamp immediately after the diagnostic runs and passes.
4) For On-Board Diagnostics (OBD) engines, the ECM will extinguish the Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL) after three consecutive trips where the diagnostic runs and passes.
5) The Reset All Faults command in INSITE™ electronic service tool can be used to clear active and inactive faults, as well as extinguish the MIL for OBD applications.

Shop Talk:
N/A

Possible Causes:
1) Open return circuit in the engine harness, connector, sensor
2) Signal wire shorted to sensor supply or battery voltage
3) A shorted sensor

Reason:
Aftertreatment Doser – Data Erratic, Intermittent, or Incorrect. An internal or external fuel leak has been detected in the aftertreatment fuel system.

Effect:
Possible reduced engine performance

Circuit Description:
Before active regeneration of the aftertreatment DPF, a diagnostic test on the system is performed. The aftertreatment fuel injector opens and relieves fuel pressure in the line. The aftertreatment fuel pressure sensor must be reading atmospheric pressure at this point in the test. The aftertreatment fuel drain valve closes. The aftertreatment fuel shutoff valve and aftertreatment fuel injector then close and trap the fuel between the aftertreatment fuel shutoff valve and the aftertreatment fuel injector. The diagnostic checks to make sure the system maintains fuel pressure.

Component Location:
The aftertreatment fuel injector is installed in the exhaust system in the turbocharger adapter pipe. The aftertreatment fuel pressure sensor and aftertreatment fuel shutoff valve are installed in the shutoff valve manifold.

Conditions for Running the Diagnostics:
This diagnostic runs during active regeneration of the aftertreatment diesel particulate filter.

Conditions for Setting the Fault Codes:
The Engine Control Module (ECM) detected a leaking aftertreatment fuel injector or an external leak.

Action Taken When the Fault Code is Active:
1) The ECM illuminates the amber CHECK ENGINE lamp and/or the Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL) immediately when the diagnostic runs and fails.
2) Active regeneration of the aftertreatment diesel particulate filter will be disabled unitl the next key cycle.
3) Engine torque will be reduced if the engine is operated for an extended period of time with this fault active.

Conditions for Clearing the Fault Code:
1) To validate the repair, start the engine and perform the INSITE™ electronic service tool Aftertreatment Diesel Particulate Filter Regeneration Test.
2) The fault code status displayed by INSITE™ electronic service tool will change to INACTIVE immediately after the diagnostic runs and passes.
3) The ECM will turn off the amber CHECK ENGINE lamp immediately after the diagnostic runs and passes.
4) For On-Board Diagnostics (OBD) engines, the ECM will extinguish the Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL) after three consecutive trips where the diagnostic runs and passes.
5) The Reset All Faults command in INSITE™ electronic service tool can be used to clear active and inactive faults, as well as extinguish the MIL for OBD applications.

Shop Talk:
N/A

Possible Causes:
1) A stuck open or leaking aftertreatment fuel injector
2) An external leak in the aftertreatment fuel injector system.
3) A leaking aftertreatment fuel shutoff manifold

Reason:
ECU Power Output Supply Voltage 1 – Data Valid But Below Normal Operational Range – Moderately Severe Level. Low battery voltage detected by the VGT actuator.

Effect:
Possible reduced engine performance

Circuit Description:
The variable geometry turbocharger (VGT) is electronically activated by the VGT actuator. The VGT actuator is a smart device and receives information via the J1939 data link from the primary engine control module (ECM). The VGT actuator performs its own diagnostics and reports malfunctions back to the primary engine ECM, using the J1939 data link. The ECM then decodes the error message and converts it to a fault code.

Component Location:
The VGT actuator is located on the turbocharger bearing housing.

Conditions for Running the Diagnostics:
This diagnostic runs continuously when the keyswitch is in the ON position or when the engine is running.

Conditions for Setting the Fault Codes:
Voltage supplied to the Variable Geometry Turbocharger (VGT) actuator dropped below 10- VDC for 10 seconds and the engine speed was at zero rpm or greater than 575 rpm.

Action Taken When the Fault Code is Active:
The ECM illuminates the amber CHECK ENGINE lamp and/or the Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL) immediately when the diagnostic runs and fails.

Conditions for Clearing the Fault Code:
1) To validate the repair, perform a key cycle, start the engine and let it idle for 1 minute.
2) The fault code status displayed by INSITE™ electronic service tool will change to INACTIVE immediately after the diagnostic runs and passes.
3) The ECM will turn off the amber CHECK ENGINE lamp immediately after the diagnostic runs and passes.
4) For On-Board Diagnostics (OBD) engines, the ECM will extinguish the Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL) after three consecutive trips where the diagnostic runs and passes.
5) The Reset All Faults command in INSITE™ electronic service tool can be used to clear active and inactive faults, as well as extinguish the MIL for OBD applications.

Shop Talk:
This fault code is logged when the voltage to the VGT actuator drops below 10-VDC. The VGT will still continue to respond to commands from the primary engine ECM.

Possible Causes:
1) Faulty batteries
2) Damaged engine harness and VGT connector pins
3) Faulty supply voltage at the ECM

Reason:
EGR Valve Control Circuit Calculated Over Temperature – Data Valid But Above Normal Operational Range – Least Severe Level. High EGR valve driver temperature has been detected.

Effect:
Possible reduced engine performance

Circuit Description:
The exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) valve is controlled by a brushless motor located on top of the EGR valve. The EGR valve motor uses three different motor legs to move the valve through its range of motion. The ECM uses the EGR motor A, B, and C wires to command the EGR valve to the appropriate position in order to meet EGR flow targets.The EGR valve motor contains three position sensors that detect the location of the EGR valve. These sensors report the position of the valve back to the ECM over the EGR valve position A, B, and C wires. The EGR valve motor contains three position sensors that detect the location of the EGR valve. These sensors report the position of the valve back to the ECM over the EGR valve position A, B, and C wires.

Component Location:
The EGR valve device driver is internal to the ECM and can not be serviced separately.

Conditions for Running the Diagnostics:
This diagnostic runs continuously when the keyswitch is in the ON position or when the engine is running.

Conditions for Setting the Fault Codes:
The Engine Control Module (ECM) detected the temperature of the EGR valve driver internal to the ECM was greater than 150°C [302°F].

Action Taken When the Fault Code is Active:
1) The ECM illuminates the amber CHECK ENGINE lamp and/or the Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL) immediately when the diagnostic runs and fails.
2) Active and stationary regeneration of the diesel particulate filter will be disabled.
3) Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) valve operation will be disabled.
4) Engine torque will be reduced if the engine is operated for an extended period of time with this fault active.

Conditions for Clearing the Fault Code:
1) To validate the repair, perform a key cycle, start the engine and let it idle for 1 minute.
2) The fault code status displayed by INSITE™ electronic service tool will change to INACTIVE immediately after the diagnostic runs and passes.
3) The ECM will turn off the amber CHECK ENGINE lamp immediately after the diagnostic runs and passes.
4) For On-Board Diagnostics (OBD) engines, the ECM will extinguish the Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL) after three consecutive trips where the diagnostic runs and passes.
5) The Reset All Faults command in INSITE™ electronic service tool can be used to clear active and inactive faults, as well as extinguish the MIL for OBD applications.

Shop Talk:
This fault code may be inactive when the vehicle is in the shop because the EGR valve driver temperature has cooled down. Therefore, troubleshoot multiple inactive counts of this fault code as an active fault code.

Possible Causes:
1) Malfunctioning ECM

Reason:
Coolant Level – Data Valid But Below Normal Operational Range – Moderately Severe Level. Low engine coolant level detected.

Effect:
Possible reduced engine performance.

Circuit Description:
The coolant level sensor is a switch and is used to measure the level of the engine coolant in the radiator top tank. The coolant level sensor is immersed in the coolant and returns a different signal voltage when immersed in coolant versus being out of coolant. The engine control module (ECM) monitors the change in the signal voltage to determine the level of the engine coolant.

Component Location:
The engine coolant level sensor is typically located in the radiator top tank or surge tank. Refer to the OEM service manual for the location.

Conditions for Running the Diagnostics:
This diagnostic runs continuously when the keyswitch is in the ON position or when the engine is running.

Conditions for Setting the Fault Codes:
The Engine Control Module (ECM) detected the coolant level sensor signal voltage was higher than 3-VDC for more than 30 seconds

Action Taken When the Fault Code is Active:
1) The ECM illuminates the amber CHECK ENGINE lamp immediately when the diagnostic runs and fails.
2) The torque output of the engine will be reduced.
3) Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) valve operation will be disabled.

Conditions for Clearing the Fault Code:
1) To validate the repair, perform a key cycle, start the engine and let it idle for 1 minute.
2) The fault code status displayed by INSITE™ electronic service tool will change to INACTIVE immediately after the diagnostic runs and passes.
3) The ECM will turn off the amber CHECK ENGINE lamp immediately after the diagnostic runs and passes.
4) The Reset All Faults command in INSITE™ electronic service tool can be used to clear active and inactive faults, as well as extinguish the MIL for OBD applications.

Shop Talk:
This fault code goes active when the coolant level inside the radiator top tank or surge tank drops below the sensor level. Fill the top tank with coolant.

If this fault code is active and the coolant level is not low, disconnect the coolant level sensor and check the connectors for traces of coolant. If coolant is found at the electrical connectors, the sensor has malfunctioned and must be replaced.

Reference the appropriate OEM wiring diagram when troubleshooting circuits that utilize wiring supplied by the OEM.

For intermittent power supply and datalink communication issues with Aftertreatment Components, it is highly recommended that the OEM Power Distribution Center fuses and relays be thoroughly checked for loose, missing or intermittent connections.

Possible Causes:
1) Faulty coolant level sensor
2) Inactive fault codes

Reason:
Crankcase Pressure – Data Valid But Above Normal Operating Range – Moderately Severe Level. The crankcase breather filter requires maintenance.

Effect:
None on performance.

Circuit Description:
The crankcase pressure sensor is used to monitor the pressure inside the crankcase. The engine control module (ECM) supplies the crankcase pressure sensor a 5 volt reference voltage. When the crankcase pressure is low, the sensor signal voltage is low. When the crankcase pressure is high, the sensor signal voltage is near the 5 volt reference voltage. The ECM monitors the crankcase pressure signal circuit voltage to calculate the pressure of the air within the crankcase.

Component Location:
The crankcase pressure sensor is located near the crankcase ventilation filter.

Conditions for Running the Diagnostics:
This diagnostic runs continuously when the engine is operating at idle.

Conditions for Setting the Fault Codes:
The Engine Control Module (ECM) detected the crankcase pressure reading was higher than a threshold for 60 cumulative minutes at idle.

Action Taken When the Fault Code is Active:
The ECM illuminates the white MAINTENANCE lamp or flashes the amber CHECK ENGINE lamp, indicating a maintenance condition, immediately after the diagnostic runs and fails.

Conditions for Clearing the Fault Code:
1) To validate the repair, start the engine and let it idle for 1 minute.
2) The Reset All Faults command in INSITE™ electronic service tool can be used to clear active and inactive faults.

Shop Talk:
If this fault code is active, the crankcase breather element may need to be replaced.

Possible Causes:
1) Inactive fault codes
2) Bad crankcase ventillation system
3) Faulty ECM