Paccar

Reason:
Engine Fuel Pump Pressurizing Assembly 1 Circuit – Voltage Above Normal or Shorted to High Source. High signal voltage or open circuit is detected at the fuel pump actuator circuit.

Effect:
Engine may run rough, may stop running, may not start, or may be difficult to start.

Circuit Description:
The circuit is a pulse-width modulation (PWM) driver in the engine control module (ECM) that controls the fuel pump actuator. The actuator is grounded in the ECM. The actuator is normally open. The PWM duty cycle to the fuel pump actuator depends on the difference between desired rail pressure and sensed rail pressure.

Component Location:
The high-pressure fuel pump is mounted to the gear housing. The fuel pump actuator is mounted on the fuel pump. The fuel pressure sensor is mounted in the high pressure fuel rail. The fuel pressure relief valve is mounted on the high pressure fuel rail.

Conditions for Running the Diagnostics:
This diagnostic runs continuously when the keyswitch is in the ON position or when the engine is running.

Conditions for Setting the Fault Codes:
The Engine Control Module (ECM) detected a short to battery, short pin-to-pin, or open circuit in the fuel pump actuator circuit

Action Taken When the Fault Code is Active:
1) The ECM illuminates the amber CHECK ENGINE lamp and/or the Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL) immediately when the diagnostic runs and fails.
2) Sensed fuel rail pressure will not follow the commanded rail pressure.
3) Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) valve operation will be disabled.
4) Engine torque will be reduced if the engine is operated for an extended period of time with this fault active.

Conditions for Clearing the Fault Code:
1) To validate the repair, perform a key cycle, start the engine and let it idle for 1 minute.
2) The fault code status displayed by INSITE™ electronic service tool will change to INACTIVE immediately after the diagnostic runs and passes.
3) The ECM will turn off the amber CHECK ENGINE lamp immediately after the diagnostic runs and passes.
4) For On-Board Diagnostics (OBD) engines, the ECM will extinguish the Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL) after three consecutive trips where the diagnostic runs and passes.
5) The Reset All Faults command in INSITE™ electronic service tool can be used to clear active and inactive faults, as well as extinguish the MIL for OBD applications.

Shop Talk:
This fault becomes active when the ECM detects an open or short circuit in the fuel pump actuator circuit. Causes of this fault code include a short circuit to a positive voltage, open circuit, short circuit to ground, or low resistance (fuel pump actuator is shorted internally) in the fuel pump actuator circuit. If there is high harness resistance or an intermittent open circuit,

Fault Code 2311 can have high inactive counts. When excessive current or a short circuit is detected, the ECM driver to the fuel pump actuator is turned off to protect the circuit. It is necessary to cycle the keyswitch OFF and then back ON before the ECM will run this diagnostic again. The ECM driver is enabled at key ON, so if the cause is no longer present, the fault code will become inactive and can be cleared. If the fault code is intermittent, inspect the ECM connector, wiring harness, and harness connectors for loose pins and bad connections. Look closely for loose wire connections that can cause an intermittent short to ground or open circuit in the wiring harness or connectors. It may help to wiggle the harness and harness connections and watch for fault code state changes.

Possible Causes:
1) Inactive fault codes
2) Damaged engine harness
3) Faulty circuit response
4) Faulty ECM

Reason:
Aftertreatment Fuel Drain Valve Circuit – Voltage Above Normal or Shorted to High Source. High signal voltage detected at the aftertreatment fuel drain valve circuit.

Effect:
Active aftertreatment diesel particulate filter regeneration will be disabled.

Circuit Description:
The aftertreatment fuel drain valve is used to relieve the fuel pressure in the aftertreatment fuel injector supply line.

Component Location:
The aftertreatment fuel drain valve is located in the aftertreatment fuel shutoff manifold.

Conditions for Running the Diagnostics:
This diagnostic runs when the aftertreatment fuel drain valve is commanded ON.

Conditions for Setting the Fault Codes:
The Engine Control Module (ECM) detected an open or short in the aftertreatment fuel drain valve circuit.

Action Taken When the Fault Code is Active:
1) The ECM illuminates the amber CHECK ENGINE lamp immediately when the diagnostic runs and fails
2) Active regeneration of the aftertreatment diesel particulate filter will be disabled unitl the next key cycle.
3) Engine torque will be reduced if the engine is operated for an extended period of time with this fault active.

Conditions for Clearing the Fault Code:
1) To validate the repair, perform the INSITE™ electronic service tool Aftertreatment Diesel Particulate Filter Regeneration Test. Once the temperatures in the aftertreatment are warm enough to inject diesel fuel into the exhaust, the diagnostic will run.
2) The fault code status displayed by INSITE™ electronic service tool will change to INACTIVE immediately after the diagnostic runs and passes.
3) The ECM will turn off the amber CHECK ENGINE lamp immediately after the diagnostic runs and passes.
4) The Reset All Faults command in INSITE™ electronic service tool can be used to clear active and inactive faults.

Shop Talk:
N/A

Possible Causes:
1) Open return circuit in the engine harness, connectors, or drain valve
2) Fuel drain valve signal wire shorted to a voltage source in the harness
3) A damaged aftertreatment fuel drain valve

Reason:
Exhaust Gas Pressure – Data Valid but Above Normal Operating Range – Moderately Severe Level. High exhaust gas pressure has been detected by the exhaust gas pressure sensor.

Effect:
Possible reduced engine performance

Circuit Description:
The exhaust gas pressure sensor is used to measure exhaust gas pressure in the exhaust manifold. This information is used by the engine control module (ECM) to control emissions and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) valve operation. The ECM provides a 5 volt supply to the exhaust gas pressure sensor on the sensor supply circuit. The ECM also provides a ground on the sensor return circuit. The exhaust gas pressure sensor provides a signal to the ECM on the exhaust gas pressure sensor signal circuit. This sensor signal voltage changes, based on the pressure in the exhaust manifold.

Component Location:
The exhaust gas pressure sensor is located above the front section of the exhaust manifold and is plumbed into the exhaust manifold.

Conditions for Running the Diagnostics:
This diagnostic runs continuously when the engine is running.

Conditions for Setting the Fault Codes:
Exhaust gas pressure sensor reading was greater that the engine protection limits

Action Taken When the Fault Code is Active:
An engine derate will be activated to bring exhaust gas pressure below the maximum operating limits.

Conditions for Clearing the Fault Code:
1) To validate the repair, perform a key cycle, start the engine and let it idle for 1 minute.
2) The fault code status displayed by INSITE™ electronic service tool will change to INACTIVE immediately after the diagnostic runs and passes.
3) The ECM will turn off the amber CHECK ENGINE lamp immediately after the diagnostic runs and passes.
4) The Reset All Faults command in INSITE™ electronic service tool can be used to clear active and inactive faults, as well as extinguish the MIL for OBD applications.

Shop Talk:
N/A

Possible Causes:
1) A malfunctioning variable geometry turbocharger
2) A damaged in-range exhaust gas pressure sensor
3) A plugged or restricted aftertreatment diesel particulate filter
4) A plugged or restricted EGR cooler

Reason:
Exhaust Gas Pressure – Data Valid but Above Normal Operating Range – Moderately Severe Level. High exhaust gas pressure has been detected by the exhaust gas pressure sensor.

Effect:
Possible reduced engine performance

Circuit Description:
The exhaust gas pressure sensor is used to measure exhaust gas pressure in the exhaust manifold. This information is used by the engine control module (ECM) to control emissions and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) valve operation. The ECM provides a 5 volt supply to the exhaust gas pressure sensor on the sensor supply circuit. The ECM also provides a ground on the sensor return circuit. The exhaust gas pressure sensor provides a signal to the ECM on the exhaust gas pressure sensor signal circuit. This sensor signal voltage changes, based on the pressure in the exhaust manifold.

Component Location:
The exhaust gas pressure sensor is located above the front section of the exhaust manifold and is plumbed into the exhaust manifold.

Conditions for Running the Diagnostics:
This diagnostic runs continuously when the engine is running.

Conditions for Setting the Fault Codes:
Exhaust gas pressure sensor reading was greater that the engine protection limits

Action Taken When the Fault Code is Active:
An engine derate will be activated to bring exhaust gas pressure below the maximum operating limits.

Conditions for Clearing the Fault Code:
1) To validate the repair, perform a key cycle, start the engine and let it idle for 1 minute.
2) The fault code status displayed by INSITE™ electronic service tool will change to INACTIVE immediately after the diagnostic runs and passes.
3) The ECM will turn off the amber CHECK ENGINE lamp immediately after the diagnostic runs and passes.
4) The Reset All Faults command in INSITE™ electronic service tool can be used to clear active and inactive faults, as well as extinguish the MIL for OBD applications.

Shop Talk:
N/A

Possible Causes:
1) A malfunctioning variable geometry turbocharger
2) A damaged in-range exhaust gas pressure sensor
3) A plugged or restricted aftertreatment diesel particulate filter
4) A plugged or restricted EGR cooler

Reason:
Aftertreatment Outlet NOx Sensor – Abnormal Update Rate. No communications or an invalid data transfer rate detected on the J1939 data link between the ECM and the aftertreatment outlet Nox sensor.

Effect:
Possible reduced engine performance.

Circuit Description:
The aftertreatment outlet NOx (nitrogen oxides) sensor is a smart device and communicates with the engine control module (ECM) via the J1939 data link. The aftertreatment outlet NOx sensor performs its own internal diagnostics and reports malfunctions back to the primary ECM using the J1939 data link. The NOx sensor is permanently attached to the NOx control module. They are serviced as a single component and can not be replaced individually. The aftertreatment outlet NOx sensor is used to measure the NOx emissions at the outlet of the aftertreatment system.

Component Location:
The aftertreatment outlet NOx sensor location can vary depending on engine application. It is usually located in the exhaust system at the outlet of the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst.

Conditions for Running the Diagnostics:
This diagnostic runs continuously when the keyswitch is in the ON position or when the engine is running

Conditions for Setting the Fault Codes:
The Engine Control Module (ECM) lost communication with the aftertreatment outlet Nox sensor via the J1939 data link.

Action Taken When the Fault Code is Active:
1) The ECM illuminates the amber CHECK ENGINE lamp and/or the Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL) immediately when the diagnostic runs and fails.
2) Engine torque will be reduced if the engine is operated for an extended period of time with this fault active.
3) Engine torque will be severely reduced.
4) Vehicle speed will be limited to 8 km [5 mi] per hour after extended engine operation with the fault code active.

Conditions for Clearing the Fault Code:
1) To validate the repair, perform a key cycle, start the engine and let it idle for 1 minute.
2) The fault code status displayed by INSITE™ electronic service tool will change to INACTIVE immediately after the diagnostic runs and passes.
3) The ECM will turn off the amber CHECK ENGINE lamp immediately after the diagnostic runs and passes.
4) For On-Board Diagnostics (OBD) engines, the ECM will extinguish the Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL) after three consecutive trips where the diagnostic runs and passes.
5) The Reset All Faults command in INSITE™ electronic service tool can be used to clear active and inactive faults, as well as extinguish the MIL for OBD applications.

Shop Talk:
For intermittent power supply and datalink communication issues with Aftertreatment Components, it is highly recommended that the OEM Power Distribution Center fuses and relays be thoroughly checked for loose, missing or intermittent connections.

Possible Causes:
1) The Aftertreatment Outlet NOx Sensor is not receiving power from the battery supply circuit in the OEM harness. This can be caused by an open circuit in the power supply wire, blown NOx sensor fuse, or low voltage supplied by the battery.
2) Open return circuit on the aftertreatment outlet NOx sensor battery return.
3) Open or short circuit on the J1939 data link circuit between the engine ECM and aftertreatment outlet NOx sensor.
4) Intermittent communications between the aftertreatment outlet NOx sensor and the primary engine ECM on the J1939 data link

Reason:
Engine Coolant Temperature – Data Valid But Below Normal Operational Range – Moderately Severe Level. Engine coolant temperature is below normal operating temperature limits.

Effect:
None on performance

Circuit Description:
The coolant temperature sensor is a variable resistor sensor and is used to measure the temperature of the coolant of the engine. The engine control module (ECM) supplies 5 volts to the coolant temperature signal circuit. The ECM monitors the change in voltage caused by changes in the resistance of the sensor to determine the coolant temperature.

Component Location:
The engine coolant temperature sensor is located on the thermostat housing.

Conditions for Running the Diagnostics:
This diagnostic runs continuously when the engine is running.

Conditions for Setting the Fault Codes:
Engine coolant temperature was less than 60°C [140°F] for over 1 hour during a period of extended idle.

Action Taken When the Fault Code is Active:
The ECM illuminates the amber CHECK ENGINE lamp immediately when the diagnostic runs and fails.

Conditions for Clearing the Fault Code:
1) To validate the repair, perform a key cycle, start the engine and let it idle for 1 minute.
2) The fault code status displayed by INSITE™ electronic service tool will change to INACTIVE immediately after the diagnostic runs and passes.
3) The Reset All Faults command in INSITE™ electronic service tool can be used to clear active and inactive faults, as well as extinguish the MIL for OBD applications.

Shop Talk:
If this fault indicates that coolant temperature is below a calibratible limit set in the ECM. Refer to Engine Coolant Temperature Below Normal troubleshooting symptom tree tree in the base engine service manual.

Possible Causes:
1) Inactive fault codes
2) Faulty ECM

Reason:
Engine Coolant Temperature – Data Valid But Below Normal Operational Range – Moderately Severe Level. Engine coolant temperature is below normal operating temperature limits.

Effect:
None on performance

Circuit Description:
The coolant temperature sensor is a variable resistor sensor and is used to measure the temperature of the coolant of the engine. The engine control module (ECM) supplies 5 volts to the coolant temperature signal circuit. The ECM monitors the change in voltage caused by changes in the resistance of the sensor to determine the coolant temperature.

Component Location:
The engine coolant temperature sensor is located on the thermostat housing.

Conditions for Running the Diagnostics:
This diagnostic runs continuously when the engine is running.

Conditions for Setting the Fault Codes:
Engine coolant temperature was less than 60°C [140°F] for over 1 hour during a period of extended idle.

Action Taken When the Fault Code is Active:
The ECM illuminates the amber CHECK ENGINE lamp immediately when the diagnostic runs and fails.

Conditions for Clearing the Fault Code:
1) To validate the repair, perform a key cycle, start the engine and let it idle for 1 minute.
2) The fault code status displayed by INSITE™ electronic service tool will change to INACTIVE immediately after the diagnostic runs and passes.
3) The Reset All Faults command in INSITE™ electronic service tool can be used to clear active and inactive faults, as well as extinguish the MIL for OBD applications.

Shop Talk:
If this fault indicates that coolant temperature is below a calibratible limit set in the ECM. Refer to Engine Coolant Temperature Below Normal troubleshooting symptom tree tree in the base engine service manual.

Possible Causes:
1) Inactive fault codes
2) Faulty ECM

Reason:
SAE J1939 Multiplexing PGN Timeout Error – Abnormal Update Rate. The ECM expected information from a multiplexed device but did not receive it soon enough or did not receive it at all.

Effect:
At least one multiplexed device will not operate properly.

Circuit Description:
Normally, switches, accelerators, and other components are connected to the engine control module (ECM) directly through individual wires. Multiplexing allows those same components to be hard wired to an original equipment manufacturer (OEM) vehicle electronic control unit (VECU) or transmission electronic control unit (ECU) in the cab. Then component values and states from components such as sensors, accelerators, and switches can be transmitted from the OEM VECU to the Cummins® ECM over the SAE J1939 data link. Messages sent from OEM VECUs or transmission ECUs are received by the Cummins® ECM and used for controlling the engine. The Cummins® ECM and OEM VECU(s) must be configured properly, so that proper operation of the multiplexed components will occur.

Component Location:
The SAE J1939 data link wiring and the SAE J1939 devices vary by OEM options.

Conditions for Running the Diagnostics:
This diagnostic runs continuously when the keyswitch is in the ON position or when the engine is running.

Conditions for Setting the Fault Codes:
1) The Engine Control Module (ECM) did not receive a message from a multiplexed device.
2) The Engine Control Module (ECM) detected an open or short circuit condition in the J1939 data link harness.

Action Taken When the Fault Code is Active:
1) The ECM illuminates the amber CHECK ENGINE lamp immediately when the diagnostic runs and fails.
2) The multiplexed device will not operate.

Conditions for Clearing the Fault Code:
1) To validate the repair, perform a key cycle, start the engine and let it idle for 1 minute.
2) The fault code status displayed by INSITE™ electronic service tool will change to INACTIVE immediately after the diagnostic runs and passes.
3) The ECM will turn off the amber CHECK ENGINE lamp immediately after the diagnostic runs and passes.
4) The Reset All Faults command in INSITE™ electronic service tool can be used to clear active and inactive faults, as well as extinguish the MIL for OBD applications.

Shop Talk:
When this fault code is active, some multiplexed devices can possibly not function as desired.

This fault can occur for the following reasons:
1) When the ECM is set up properly (components enabled and OEM VECU source addressed correctly) to receive information from an OEM VECU, but the OEM VECU is actually transmitting a message that says that component is not available for multiplexing. This can be caused when a multiplexed component is enabled in the ECM, but the OEM VECU source address of the VECU transmitting the component message is incorrect in the Cummins® ECM, or the OEM VECU is not set up to transmit the multiplexed component message.
2) This fault can also be caused by a damaged J1939 data link connection between the OEM VECU and Cummins® ECM, a damaged connection between the component and the OEM VECU, damaged OEM VECU or damaged Cummins® ECM. It can become necessary to contact the OEM for proper multiplexing configuration. It is possible to use INSITE™ electronic service tool to monitor multiplexed components. Reference the appropriate OEM wiring diagram when troubleshooting circuits that utilize wiring supplied by the OEM.

Possible Causes:
1) Faulty ECM
2) Inactive fault codes

Reason:
SAE J1939 Multiplexing Configuration Error – Out of Calibration. The ECM expected information from a multiplexed device but only received a portion of the necessary information.

Effect:
At least one multiplexed device will not operate properly.

Circuit Description:
Normally, switches, accelerators, and other components are connected to the engine control module (ECM) directly through individual wires. Multiplexing allows those same components to be hard wired to an original equipment manufacturer (OEM) vehicle electronic control unit (VECU) or transmission electronic control unit (ECU) in the cab. Then component values and states from components such as sensors, accelerators, and switches can be transmitted from the OEM VECU to the Cummins® ECM over the SAE J1939 data link. Messages sent from OEM VECUs or transmission ECUs are received by the Cummins® ECM and used for controlling the engine. The Cummins® ECM and OEM VECU(s) must be configured properly, so that proper operation of the multiplexed components will occur.

Component Location:
The SAE J1939 data link wiring and the SAE J1939 devices vary by OEM options.

Conditions for Running the Diagnostics:
This diagnostic runs continuously when the keyswitch is in the ON position or when the engine is running.

Conditions for Setting the Fault Codes:
The Engine Control Module (ECM) received an invalid J1939 data link message from a multiplexed device for more than 1 second.

Action Taken When the Fault Code is Active:
1) The ECM illuminates the amber CHECK ENGINE lamp immediately when the diagnostic runs and fails.
2) The multiplexed device will not operate.

Conditions for Clearing the Fault Code:
1) To validate the repair, perform a key cycle, start the engine and let it idle for 1 minute.
2) The fault code status displayed by INSITE™ electronic service tool will change to INACTIVE immediately after the diagnostic runs and passes.
3) The ECM will turn off the amber CHECK ENGINE lamp immediately after the diagnostic runs and passes.
4) The Reset All Faults command in INSITE™ electronic service tool can be used to clear active and inactive faults, as well as extinguish the MIL for OBD applications.

Shop Talk:
This fault can occur when the ECM is set up properly (components enabled and OEM VECU source addressed correctly) to receive information from an OEM VECU, but the OEM VECU is actually transmitting a message that says that component is not available for multiplexing. It is possible to use INSITE™ electronic service tool to monitor multiplexed components. Reference the appropriate OEM wiring diagram when troubleshooting circuits that utilize wiring supplied by the OEM.

Possible Causes:
1) Inactive fault codes
2) Faulty ECM