Volvo

Fault Condition: If the Engine Management System (EMS) Module detects a fault in the electrical circuit while attempting to operate the Fuel Injector Unit, the Electronic Malfunction Lamp (EML) will turn ON and code SID 2 will set.

Possible repairs:

Turn the ignition switch OFF first.

1) Disconnect the harness electrical connector from Fuel Injector Unit #2. Check for continuity between the pins 1 and 2 of the Fuel Injector Unit #1. If the resistance is NOT between 0.9-5.2 Ohms at 68°F (20°C) or 1.5-5.8 Ohms at 218°F (103°C), Fuel Injector #2 is faulty and must be replaced.
2) Disconnect the harness electrical connectors from Fuel Injector Unit #2. Check for continuity from pins 1 and 2 on Fuel Injector Unit #2 to a good ground. If continuity exists, the Fuel Injector Unit #2 is shorted to ground and must be replaced.
3) Disconnect connectors A and B from the Engine Management System (EMS) Module. Disconnect the harness connector from Fuel Injector Unit #2. Check for continuity between the Fuel Injector Unit #2 harness connector pin 1 and 2 and a good ground.
4) Disconnect connectors A and B from the (EMS) Module. Check for continuity between EMS Module harness connector A pin 62 and pin 1 of the Fuel Injector Unit #2. If there is NO continuity, repair the open in the circuit.
5) Disconnect connectors A and B from the (EMS) Module. Check for continuity between pin 2 of the the Fuel Injector Unit #2 and EMS Module harness connector A pin 20. If there is NO continuity, repair the open in the circuit.
6) Disconnect connectors A and B from the (EMS) Module. Turn the ignition key ON. Measure the voltage between EMS Module connector A pin 62 and a good ground. If voltage is present, the voltage supply circuit is shorted to voltage. Locate and repair the short circuit.
7) Disconnect (EMS) Module connectors A and B. Disconnect the harness connector from Fuel Injector Unit #2. Turn the ignition key ON. Measure the voltage between the EMS Module connector A pin 20 and a good ground. If voltage is present, the Fuel Injector Unit #2 control line is shorted to voltage. Locate and repair the short.
8) Disconnect connector A and B from the (EMS) Module. Disconnect the harness electrical connector from the Fuel Injector Unit #2. Check for continuity between EMS Module harness connector A pin 20 and/or 62 and all other pins on EMS Module connectors A and B. If continuity exists, the Fuel Injector Unit #2 circuit is shorted to one of the other EMS Module circuits. Locate and repair the short circuit.
9) Disconnect the harness electrical connector from Fuel Injector Unit #2. Check for continuity between the pins 3 and 4 of the Fuel Injector Unit #2. If the resistance is NOT between 0.9-5.2 Ohms at 68°F (20°C) or 1.5-5.8 Ohms at 218°F (103°C), Fuel Injector #2 is faulty and must be replaced.
10) Disconnect the harness electrical connectors from Fuel Injector Unit #2. Check for continuity from either pin on Fuel Injector Unit #2 to a good ground. If continuity exists, the Fuel Injector Unit #2 is shorted to ground and must be replaced.
11) Disconnect connectors A and B from the (EMS) Module. Disconnect the harness connector from Fuel Injector Unit #2. Check for continuity between the Fuel Injector Unit #2 harness connector pin 3 and pin 4 and a good ground. If continuity exists, the circuit is shorted to ground. Locate and repair the short circuit.
12) Disconnect connectors A and B from the (EMS) Module. Disconnect the harness connector from Fuel Injector Unit #2. Check for continuity between EMS Module harness connector A pin 59 and pin 3 of the Fuel Injector Unit #2. If there is NO continuity, repair the open in the circuit.
13) Disconnect connectors A and B from the (EMS) Module. Disconnect the harness connector from Fuel Injector Unit #2. Check for continuity between pin 4 of the the Fuel Injector Unit #2 and EMS Module harness connector A pin 24. If there is NO continuity, repair the open in the circuit.
14) Disconnect connectors A and B from the (EMS) Module. Turn the ignition key ON. Measure the voltage between EMS Module connector A pin 59 and a good ground. If voltage is present, the voltage supply circuit is shorted to voltage. Locate and repair the short circuit.
15) Disconnect (EMS) Module connectors A and B. Disconnect the harness connector from Fuel Injector Unit #2. Turn the ignition key ON. Measure the voltage between the EMS Module connector A pin 24 and a good ground. If voltage is present, the Fuel Injector Unit #2 control line is shorted to voltage. Locate and repair the short.
16) Disconnect connector A and B from the (EMS) Module. Disconnect the harness electrical connector from the Fuel Injector Unit #2. Check for continuity between EMS Module harness connector A pin24 and/or 59 and all other pins on EMS Module connectors A and B. If continuity exists, the Fuel Injector Unit #2 circuit is shorted to one of the other EMS Module circuits. Locate and repair the short circuit.
17) Disconnect connectors A and B from the EMS Module. Visually inspect EMS Module connectors A and B for dirt, loose pins or deformed contacts. If a pin feels loose or appears damaged, repair the connector.
18) Ensure that there is fuel in the fuel tank. Inspect the fuel lines between the tank and the transfer pump for sharp bends or kinks, and repair as needed. Check for air in the fuel system, and repair as needed. Check the fuel pressure at the secondary fuel filter outlet. If the fuel pressure is NOT within specifications, perform any required fuel system repairs. Remove Fuel Injector Unit #2 from the engine and inspect for surface rust between the O-rings. If rust is present, locate the source of the fuel contamination and replace any damaged components. If all of the mechanical fuel system components are in good working order, replace the EMS Module and retest the system.

Fault Condition: If the Engine Management System (EMS) Module detects a fault in the electrical circuit while attempting to operate the Fuel Injector Unit, the Electronic Malfunction Lamp (EML) will turn ON and code SID 2 will set.

Possible repairs:

Turn the ignition switch OFF first.

1) Disconnect the harness electrical connector from Fuel Injector Unit #2. Check for continuity between the pins 1 and 2 of the Fuel Injector Unit #1. If the resistance is NOT between 0.9-5.2 Ohms at 68°F (20°C) or 1.5-5.8 Ohms at 218°F (103°C), Fuel Injector #2 is faulty and must be replaced.
2) Disconnect the harness electrical connectors from Fuel Injector Unit #2. Check for continuity from pins 1 and 2 on Fuel Injector Unit #2 to a good ground. If continuity exists, the Fuel Injector Unit #2 is shorted to ground and must be replaced.
3) Disconnect connectors A and B from the Engine Management System (EMS) Module. Disconnect the harness connector from Fuel Injector Unit #2. Check for continuity between the Fuel Injector Unit #2 harness connector pin 1 and 2 and a good ground.
4) Disconnect connectors A and B from the (EMS) Module. Check for continuity between EMS Module harness connector A pin 62 and pin 1 of the Fuel Injector Unit #2. If there is NO continuity, repair the open in the circuit.
5) Disconnect connectors A and B from the (EMS) Module. Check for continuity between pin 2 of the the Fuel Injector Unit #2 and EMS Module harness connector A pin 20. If there is NO continuity, repair the open in the circuit.
6) Disconnect connectors A and B from the (EMS) Module. Turn the ignition key ON. Measure the voltage between EMS Module connector A pin 62 and a good ground. If voltage is present, the voltage supply circuit is shorted to voltage. Locate and repair the short circuit.
7) Disconnect (EMS) Module connectors A and B. Disconnect the harness connector from Fuel Injector Unit #2. Turn the ignition key ON. Measure the voltage between the EMS Module connector A pin 20 and a good ground. If voltage is present, the Fuel Injector Unit #2 control line is shorted to voltage. Locate and repair the short.
8) Disconnect connector A and B from the (EMS) Module. Disconnect the harness electrical connector from the Fuel Injector Unit #2. Check for continuity between EMS Module harness connector A pin 20 and/or 62 and all other pins on EMS Module connectors A and B. If continuity exists, the Fuel Injector Unit #2 circuit is shorted to one of the other EMS Module circuits. Locate and repair the short circuit.
9) Disconnect the harness electrical connector from Fuel Injector Unit #2. Check for continuity between the pins 3 and 4 of the Fuel Injector Unit #2. If the resistance is NOT between 0.9-5.2 Ohms at 68°F (20°C) or 1.5-5.8 Ohms at 218°F (103°C), Fuel Injector #2 is faulty and must be replaced.
10) Disconnect the harness electrical connectors from Fuel Injector Unit #2. Check for continuity from either pin on Fuel Injector Unit #2 to a good ground. If continuity exists, the Fuel Injector Unit #2 is shorted to ground and must be replaced.
11) Disconnect connectors A and B from the (EMS) Module. Disconnect the harness connector from Fuel Injector Unit #2. Check for continuity between the Fuel Injector Unit #2 harness connector pin 3 and pin 4 and a good ground. If continuity exists, the circuit is shorted to ground. Locate and repair the short circuit.
12) Disconnect connectors A and B from the (EMS) Module. Disconnect the harness connector from Fuel Injector Unit #2. Check for continuity between EMS Module harness connector A pin 59 and pin 3 of the Fuel Injector Unit #2. If there is NO continuity, repair the open in the circuit.
13) Disconnect connectors A and B from the (EMS) Module. Disconnect the harness connector from Fuel Injector Unit #2. Check for continuity between pin 4 of the the Fuel Injector Unit #2 and EMS Module harness connector A pin 24. If there is NO continuity, repair the open in the circuit.
14) Disconnect connectors A and B from the (EMS) Module. Turn the ignition key ON. Measure the voltage between EMS Module connector A pin 59 and a good ground. If voltage is present, the voltage supply circuit is shorted to voltage. Locate and repair the short circuit.
15) Disconnect (EMS) Module connectors A and B. Disconnect the harness connector from Fuel Injector Unit #2. Turn the ignition key ON. Measure the voltage between the EMS Module connector A pin 24 and a good ground. If voltage is present, the Fuel Injector Unit #2 control line is shorted to voltage. Locate and repair the short.
16) Disconnect connector A and B from the (EMS) Module. Disconnect the harness electrical connector from the Fuel Injector Unit #2. Check for continuity between EMS Module harness connector A pin24 and/or 59 and all other pins on EMS Module connectors A and B. If continuity exists, the Fuel Injector Unit #2 circuit is shorted to one of the other EMS Module circuits. Locate and repair the short circuit.
17) Disconnect connectors A and B from the EMS Module. Visually inspect EMS Module connectors A and B for dirt, loose pins or deformed contacts. If a pin feels loose or appears damaged, repair the connector.
18) Ensure that there is fuel in the fuel tank. Inspect the fuel lines between the tank and the transfer pump for sharp bends or kinks, and repair as needed. Check for air in the fuel system, and repair as needed. Check the fuel pressure at the secondary fuel filter outlet. If the fuel pressure is NOT within specifications, perform any required fuel system repairs. Remove Fuel Injector Unit #2 from the engine and inspect for surface rust between the O-rings. If rust is present, locate the source of the fuel contamination and replace any damaged components. If all of the mechanical fuel system components are in good working order, replace the EMS Module and retest the system.

Fault Condition: Management System (EMS) Module senses a significant difference between the engine speed calculated from the CAM Speed Sensor signal and the engine speed calculated from the Crank Speed Sensor, the EMS Module will turn on the Electronic Malfunction Light, and code SID 21 will set. If the signals return to normal, the code will become inactive. The engine must be running to set an active CAM Speed Sensor fault code.

Note: Electrical problems can cause this fault to be generated, and electrical diagnostics are provided in this section. Mechanical problems can also cause temporary or permanent speed signal errors. After all electrical possibilities have been ruled out, check mechanical conditions that could cause vibration or signal errors. Such conditions include but are not limited to:
Faulty Engine Vibration Damper, Contaminated sensor tips, Contaminated Cam Gear face, Excessive Camshaft end play, Improperly adjusted sensor, Improperly balanced engine components, Faulty engine timing cover.

Possible repairs:

Turn the ignition key OFF first.

1) Disconnect the CAM Speed Sensor. Measure the resistance between terminals 1 and 2 on the CAM Speed Sensor. If the resistance is not between 775–945 ohms check the CAM Speed Sensor pigtail connector and wiring for damage. If the connector and wiring are not damaged, replace the CAM Speed Sensor.
2) Disconnect the CAM Speed Sensor connector. Measure the resistance between sensor pin 1 and a good ground and between sensor pin 2 and a good ground. If continuity exists between either pin and ground, replace the sensor.
3) Disconnect connectors A and B from the EMS Module. Disconnect the CAM Speed Sensor connector. Check for continuity between EMS Module connector A pin 45 and all other pins on EMS Module connectors A and B.
If continuity exists, pin 45 is shorted to one of the other EMS Module circuits. Locate and repair the short circuit to voltage. If there is NO continuity, the sensor return line is shorted to voltage somewhere else in the harness. Locate and repair the short circuit to voltage.
4) Disconnect connectors A and B from the EMS Module. Disconnect the CAM Speed Sensor. Check for continuity between EMS Module connector A pin 46 and all other pins on EMS Module connectors A and B. If continuity exists between pin 46 and any other pin, pin 46 is shorted to one of the other EMS Module circuits. Locate and repair the short circuit to voltage. If there is NO continuity, the sensor return line is shorted to voltage somewhere else in the harness. Locate and repair the short circuit to voltage.
5) Disconnect the CAM Speed Sensor. Disconnect EMS Module connectors A and B. Check for continuity between EMS Module connector A pins 45 and 46 versus all other pins on EMS Module connectors A and B. If continuity exists, the suspect pin is shorted to one of the other EMS Module circuits. Locate and repair the short circuit.
6) Disconnect the CAM Speed Sensor. Disconnect EMS Module connectors A and B. Check for continuity between the circuit (connector A pin 45 or 46) that showed continuity in test 7, versus all other pins on EMS Module connectors A and B. If continuity exists, the suspect pin is shorted to one of the other EMS Module circuits. Locate and repair the short circuit. If there is NO continuity, the suspect circuit is shorted to ground somewhere else in the harness. Locate and repair the short circuit.
7) Connect the CAM Speed Sensor. Disconnect EMS Module connector A. Measure the resistance between EMS Module connector A pins 45 and 46. If the resistance is not within this range, the CAM Speed Sensor has an open circuit or a faulty connector. Repair the connector if possible, otherwise, replace the sensor.
8) Connect the CAM Speed Sensor connector. Connect EMS Module connectors A and B. Start the engine. If blink code SID 21 is still active, check the EMS Module and connectors for dirt, loose or broken pins, or repairable damage. If no problems are evident, or they are not repairable, replace the EMS Module and retest the system. If blink code SID 21 is NOT active, the diagnostic procedures have corrected the problem. Check all connectors to ensure proper connections.

Fault Condition: Management System (EMS) Module senses a significant difference between the engine speed calculated from the CAM Speed Sensor signal and the engine speed calculated from the Crank Speed Sensor, the EMS Module will turn on the Electronic Malfunction Light, and code SID 21 will set. If the signals return to normal, the code will become inactive. The engine must be running to set an active CAM Speed Sensor fault code.

Note: Electrical problems can cause this fault to be generated, and electrical diagnostics are provided in this section. Mechanical problems can also cause temporary or permanent speed signal errors. After all electrical possibilities have been ruled out, check mechanical conditions that could cause vibration or signal errors. Such conditions include but are not limited to:
Faulty Engine Vibration Damper, Contaminated sensor tips, Contaminated Cam Gear face, Excessive Camshaft end play, Improperly adjusted sensor, Improperly balanced engine components, Faulty engine timing cover.

Possible repairs:

Turn the ignition key OFF first.

1) Disconnect the CAM Speed Sensor. Measure the resistance between terminals 1 and 2 on the CAM Speed Sensor. If the resistance is not between 775–945 ohms check the CAM Speed Sensor pigtail connector and wiring for damage. If the connector and wiring are not damaged, replace the CAM Speed Sensor.
2) Disconnect the CAM Speed Sensor connector. Measure the resistance between sensor pin 1 and a good ground and between sensor pin 2 and a good ground. If continuity exists between either pin and ground, replace the sensor.
3) Disconnect connectors A and B from the EMS Module. Disconnect the CAM Speed Sensor connector. Check for continuity between EMS Module connector A pin 45 and all other pins on EMS Module connectors A and B.
If continuity exists, pin 45 is shorted to one of the other EMS Module circuits. Locate and repair the short circuit to voltage. If there is NO continuity, the sensor return line is shorted to voltage somewhere else in the harness. Locate and repair the short circuit to voltage.
4) Disconnect connectors A and B from the EMS Module. Disconnect the CAM Speed Sensor. Check for continuity between EMS Module connector A pin 46 and all other pins on EMS Module connectors A and B. If continuity exists between pin 46 and any other pin, pin 46 is shorted to one of the other EMS Module circuits. Locate and repair the short circuit to voltage. If there is NO continuity, the sensor return line is shorted to voltage somewhere else in the harness. Locate and repair the short circuit to voltage.
5) Disconnect the CAM Speed Sensor. Disconnect EMS Module connectors A and B. Check for continuity between EMS Module connector A pins 45 and 46 versus all other pins on EMS Module connectors A and B. If continuity exists, the suspect pin is shorted to one of the other EMS Module circuits. Locate and repair the short circuit.
6) Disconnect the CAM Speed Sensor. Disconnect EMS Module connectors A and B. Check for continuity between the circuit (connector A pin 45 or 46) that showed continuity in test 7, versus all other pins on EMS Module connectors A and B. If continuity exists, the suspect pin is shorted to one of the other EMS Module circuits. Locate and repair the short circuit. If there is NO continuity, the suspect circuit is shorted to ground somewhere else in the harness. Locate and repair the short circuit.
7) Connect the CAM Speed Sensor. Disconnect EMS Module connector A. Measure the resistance between EMS Module connector A pins 45 and 46. If the resistance is not within this range, the CAM Speed Sensor has an open circuit or a faulty connector. Repair the connector if possible, otherwise, replace the sensor.
8) Connect the CAM Speed Sensor connector. Connect EMS Module connectors A and B. Start the engine. If blink code SID 21 is still active, check the EMS Module and connectors for dirt, loose or broken pins, or repairable damage. If no problems are evident, or they are not repairable, replace the EMS Module and retest the system. If blink code SID 21 is NOT active, the diagnostic procedures have corrected the problem. Check all connectors to ensure proper connections.

Fault Condition: The Electronic Malfunction Lamp (EML) will turn on and code SID 211 will set when the reference voltage to the Fuel Pressure Sensor, Crankcase Pressure Sensor and the Oil Pressure Sensor is less than 4.5 volts or greater than 5.5 volts. If the voltage returns to 4.5 volts to 5.5 volts, the fault will become inactive.

Possible repairs:

Turn the ignition key OFF first.

1) Check if code SID 211 is set. Check if any other code is also set. If any other code code is set, go to the diagnostic routine for the specific code. If code SID 211 is NOT set, wiggle the harness and connectors to try to set the
code. Visually inspect the EMS Module connectors for frayed wires and loose or corroded connections.
2) Disconnect EMS Module connector B. Disconnect the Fuel Pressure Sensor, Crankcase Pressure Sensor and the Oil Pressure Sensor harness connectors. Check for continuity between EMS Module harness connector B, pin 17 and a good ground. If continuity exists, locate and repair the short circuit to ground.
3) Disconnect EMS Module connector B. Turn the ignition key ON. Measure the voltage between EMS Module connector B pin 17 and a good ground. If voltage is present, locate and repair the short circuit to voltage in circuit.
4) Disconnect EMS Module connector B. Disconnect the Fuel Pressure Sensor, Crankcase Pressure Sensor and the Oil Pressure Sensor harness connectors. Check for continuity between EMS Module harness connector B, pin 17 and a pin 1 of the Fuel Pressure Sensor, Crankcase Pressure Sensor and the Oil Pressure Sensor connectors. If there is NO continuity, locate and repair the open in the circuit.
5) Disconnect EMS Module connector B. Visually inspect both sides of EMS Module connector B. If a repairable short circuit or damaged pins are found, repair or replace the harness connector.
6) Connect EMS Module connector B. Connect the Fuel Pressure Sensor, Crankcase Pressure Sensor and the Oil Pressure Sensor harness connectors. Start the engine. If code SID 211 is still active, replace the EMS Module and retest the system. If code SID 211 is not active, the diagnostic procedures have corrected the problem. Check all connectors to ensure proper connections.

Fault Condition: The Electronic Malfunction Lamp (EML) will turn on and code SID 211 will set when the reference voltage to the Fuel Pressure Sensor, Crankcase Pressure Sensor and the Oil Pressure Sensor is less than 4.5 volts or greater than 5.5 volts. If the voltage returns to 4.5 volts to 5.5 volts, the fault will become inactive.

Possible repairs:

Turn the ignition key OFF first.

1) Check if code SID 211 is set. Check if any other code is also set. If any other code code is set, go to the diagnostic routine for the specific code. If code SID 211 is NOT set, wiggle the harness and connectors to try to set the
code. Visually inspect the EMS Module connectors for frayed wires and loose or corroded connections.
2) Disconnect EMS Module connector B. Disconnect the Fuel Pressure Sensor, Crankcase Pressure Sensor and the Oil Pressure Sensor harness connectors. Check for continuity between EMS Module harness connector B, pin 17 and a good ground. If continuity exists, locate and repair the short circuit to ground.
3) Disconnect EMS Module connector B. Turn the ignition key ON. Measure the voltage between EMS Module connector B pin 17 and a good ground. If voltage is present, locate and repair the short circuit to voltage in circuit.
4) Disconnect EMS Module connector B. Disconnect the Fuel Pressure Sensor, Crankcase Pressure Sensor and the Oil Pressure Sensor harness connectors. Check for continuity between EMS Module harness connector B, pin 17 and a pin 1 of the Fuel Pressure Sensor, Crankcase Pressure Sensor and the Oil Pressure Sensor connectors. If there is NO continuity, locate and repair the open in the circuit.
5) Disconnect EMS Module connector B. Visually inspect both sides of EMS Module connector B. If a repairable short circuit or damaged pins are found, repair or replace the harness connector.
6) Connect EMS Module connector B. Connect the Fuel Pressure Sensor, Crankcase Pressure Sensor and the Oil Pressure Sensor harness connectors. Start the engine. If code SID 211 is still active, replace the EMS Module and retest the system. If code SID 211 is not active, the diagnostic procedures have corrected the problem. Check all connectors to ensure proper connections.