Volvo

Fault Condition: If the Engine Management System (EMS) Module calculates a significant difference between the Crank Speed Sensor input signal and the CAM Speed Sensor input signal, the EMS Module will turn on the Electronic Malfunction Lamp (EML) and SID 22 will set. If the engine speed signals agree, the fault will become inactive. The engine and tachometer will continue to operate when SID 22 is set because the EMS Module will use the CAM
Speed Sensor signal to calculate engine speed.

Note: Electrical problems can cause this fault to be generated, and electrical diagnostics are provided in this section. Mechanical problems can also cause temporary or permanent speed signal errors. After all electrical possibilities have been ruled out, check mechanical conditions that could cause vibration or signal errors. Such conditions include but are not limited to:
Faulty Engine Vibration Dampe, Contaminated sensor tips, Missing or chipped gear teeth, Improperly installed Flywheel Ring Gear, Incorrect Flywheel, Contaminated Flywheel Ring Gear, Improperly adjusted sensor
Excessive Driveshaft backlash, Improperly balanced engine components.

Possible repairs:

Turn the ignition key OFF first.

1) Disconnect the Crank Speed Sensor connector. On the sensor side of the harness connector, check for continuity between pin 1 and a good ground. Also check for continuity between pin 2 and a good ground. If continuity exists between either pin and ground, replace the sensor.
2) Disconnect connectors A and B from the EMS Module. Check for continuity between EMS Module connector A pin 38 and all other pins on EMS Module connectors A and B. If continuity exists between pin 38 and any other pin, pin 38 is shorted to one of the other EMS Module circuits. Locate and repair the short circuit to voltage in the connector. If there is NO continuity, the sensor signal line is shorted to voltage somewhere else in the harness. Locate and repair the short to voltage.
3) Disconnect connectors A and B from the EMS Module. Check for continuity between EMS Module connector A pin 37 and all other pins on EMS Module connectors A and B. If continuity exists between pin 37 and any
other pin, pin 37 is shorted to one of the other EMS Module circuits. Locate and repair the short circuit to voltage. If NO continuity exists, the return line is shorted to voltage somewhere else in the harness. Locate and repair the short circuit to voltage.
4) Disconnect the Crank Speed Sensor. Disconnect EMS Module connectors A and B. Check for continuity between EMS Module connector A pins 37 and 38 versus all other pins on EMS Module connectors A and B.
If continuity exists between pin 37 or pin 38 and any other pin, the suspect pin is shorted to one of the other EMS Module circuits. Locate and repair the short circuit.
5) Disconnect the Crank Speed Sensor. Disconnect EMS Module connectors A and B. Check for continuity between the circuit (connector A pin 37 or 38) that showed continuity in test 7 and all other pins on EMS Module connectors A and B. If continuity exists, the suspect pin is shorted to one of the other EMS Module circuits. Locate and repair the short circuit. If there is NO continuity, the suspect pin is shorted to ground somewhere else in the harness. Locate and repair the short circuit.
6) Connect the Crank Speed Sensor. Disconnect EMS Module connector A. Measure the resistance between EMS Module connector A pins 37 and 38. If the resistance is not within this range, there is an open circuit or high resistance connection at the sensor harness connector. Repair the connector if possible, otherwise, replace the sensor.
7) Connect the Crank Speed Sensor connector. Connect EMS Module connectors A and B. Start the engine. If SID 22 is still active, check the Engine Management System (EMS Module) and connectors for dirt, loose or broken pins, or repairable damage. If no problems are evident, or they are not repairable, replace the EMS Module and retest the system. If SID 22 is NOT active, the diagnostic procedures have corrected the problem.
Check all connectors to ensure proper connections.

Fault Condition: If the Engine Management System (EMS) Module calculates a significant difference between the Crank Speed Sensor input signal and the CAM Speed Sensor input signal, the EMS Module will turn on the Electronic Malfunction Lamp (EML) and SID 22 will set. If the engine speed signals agree, the fault will become inactive. The engine and tachometer will continue to operate when SID 22 is set because the EMS Module will use the CAM
Speed Sensor signal to calculate engine speed.

Note: Electrical problems can cause this fault to be generated, and electrical diagnostics are provided in this section. Mechanical problems can also cause temporary or permanent speed signal errors. After all electrical possibilities have been ruled out, check mechanical conditions that could cause vibration or signal errors. Such conditions include but are not limited to:
Faulty Engine Vibration Dampe, Contaminated sensor tips, Missing or chipped gear teeth, Improperly installed Flywheel Ring Gear, Incorrect Flywheel, Contaminated Flywheel Ring Gear, Improperly adjusted sensor
Excessive Driveshaft backlash, Improperly balanced engine components.

Possible repairs:

Turn the ignition key OFF first.

1) Disconnect the Crank Speed Sensor connector. On the sensor side of the harness connector, check for continuity between pin 1 and a good ground. Also check for continuity between pin 2 and a good ground. If continuity exists between either pin and ground, replace the sensor.
2) Disconnect connectors A and B from the EMS Module. Check for continuity between EMS Module connector A pin 38 and all other pins on EMS Module connectors A and B. If continuity exists between pin 38 and any other pin, pin 38 is shorted to one of the other EMS Module circuits. Locate and repair the short circuit to voltage in the connector. If there is NO continuity, the sensor signal line is shorted to voltage somewhere else in the harness. Locate and repair the short to voltage.
3) Disconnect connectors A and B from the EMS Module. Check for continuity between EMS Module connector A pin 37 and all other pins on EMS Module connectors A and B. If continuity exists between pin 37 and any
other pin, pin 37 is shorted to one of the other EMS Module circuits. Locate and repair the short circuit to voltage. If NO continuity exists, the return line is shorted to voltage somewhere else in the harness. Locate and repair the short circuit to voltage.
4) Disconnect the Crank Speed Sensor. Disconnect EMS Module connectors A and B. Check for continuity between EMS Module connector A pins 37 and 38 versus all other pins on EMS Module connectors A and B.
If continuity exists between pin 37 or pin 38 and any other pin, the suspect pin is shorted to one of the other EMS Module circuits. Locate and repair the short circuit.
5) Disconnect the Crank Speed Sensor. Disconnect EMS Module connectors A and B. Check for continuity between the circuit (connector A pin 37 or 38) that showed continuity in test 7 and all other pins on EMS Module connectors A and B. If continuity exists, the suspect pin is shorted to one of the other EMS Module circuits. Locate and repair the short circuit. If there is NO continuity, the suspect pin is shorted to ground somewhere else in the harness. Locate and repair the short circuit.
6) Connect the Crank Speed Sensor. Disconnect EMS Module connector A. Measure the resistance between EMS Module connector A pins 37 and 38. If the resistance is not within this range, there is an open circuit or high resistance connection at the sensor harness connector. Repair the connector if possible, otherwise, replace the sensor.
7) Connect the Crank Speed Sensor connector. Connect EMS Module connectors A and B. Start the engine. If SID 22 is still active, check the Engine Management System (EMS Module) and connectors for dirt, loose or broken pins, or repairable damage. If no problems are evident, or they are not repairable, replace the EMS Module and retest the system. If SID 22 is NOT active, the diagnostic procedures have corrected the problem.
Check all connectors to ensure proper connections.

Fault Condition: A fault of FMI 3 will be logged if the IVS voltage is greater than 8.5 volts and the pedal position less than 1%. If the voltage is approximately 0 volts and the pedal position is greater than 50%, an FMI 5 will set.

Possible repairs:

Turn the ignition key OFF first.

1) If code SID 230 is not set, wiggle the harness and connectors to try to set the code. Visually inspect the VECU connectors and wires for poor connections.
2) Disconnect connector B from the Engine Management System (EMS) Module. Disconnect connector B from the Vehicle Electronic Control Unit (VECU). Turn the ignition key ON. Check for voltage at harness connector B
pin 15 of the EMS Module harness and a good ground. The measured voltage should be 0 volts. If there is voltage indicated, repair the short to power in the harness and retest the system. If there is NO voltage indicated, verify the diagnostic code, the FMI and retest the system. If the FMI 3 is still active, replace the EMS Module and retest the system.
3) Disconnect connector B from the Engine Management System (EMS) Module. Disconnect connector B from the Vehicle Electronic Control Unit (VECU). Check for continuity between harness connector B pin 15 of the EMS Module harness and harness connector B pin 17 of the Vehicle Electronic Control Unit (VECU) If there is NO continuity, repair the open in the harness and retest the system.
4) Disconnect connector B from the Engine Management System (EMS) Module. Disconnect connector B from the Vehicle Electronic Control Unit (VECU). Check for continuity between harness connector B pin 15 of the EMS Module harness and a good ground. If there is continuity, repair the short to ground in the harness and retest the system.
5) Disconnect EMS Module connector B. Visually inspect EMS Module connector B for dirt, loose pins or deformed contacts. If a repairable open is found or the terminal feels loose, repair the harness connector. If the test lead is making good contact with the connector terminal, verify the diagnostic code, the FMI and retest the system. If the FMI 5 is still active, replace the EMS Module and retest the system.

Fault Condition: A fault of FMI 3 will be logged if the IVS voltage is greater than 8.5 volts and the pedal position less than 1%. If the voltage is approximately 0 volts and the pedal position is greater than 50%, an FMI 5 will set.

Possible repairs:

Turn the ignition key OFF first.

1) If code SID 230 is not set, wiggle the harness and connectors to try to set the code. Visually inspect the VECU connectors and wires for poor connections.
2) Disconnect connector B from the Engine Management System (EMS) Module. Disconnect connector B from the Vehicle Electronic Control Unit (VECU). Turn the ignition key ON. Check for voltage at harness connector B
pin 15 of the EMS Module harness and a good ground. The measured voltage should be 0 volts. If there is voltage indicated, repair the short to power in the harness and retest the system. If there is NO voltage indicated, verify the diagnostic code, the FMI and retest the system. If the FMI 3 is still active, replace the EMS Module and retest the system.
3) Disconnect connector B from the Engine Management System (EMS) Module. Disconnect connector B from the Vehicle Electronic Control Unit (VECU). Check for continuity between harness connector B pin 15 of the EMS Module harness and harness connector B pin 17 of the Vehicle Electronic Control Unit (VECU) If there is NO continuity, repair the open in the harness and retest the system.
4) Disconnect connector B from the Engine Management System (EMS) Module. Disconnect connector B from the Vehicle Electronic Control Unit (VECU). Check for continuity between harness connector B pin 15 of the EMS Module harness and a good ground. If there is continuity, repair the short to ground in the harness and retest the system.
5) Disconnect EMS Module connector B. Visually inspect EMS Module connector B for dirt, loose pins or deformed contacts. If a repairable open is found or the terminal feels loose, repair the harness connector. If the test lead is making good contact with the connector terminal, verify the diagnostic code, the FMI and retest the system. If the FMI 5 is still active, replace the EMS Module and retest the system.

Fault Condition: Code SID 231 will set when the Vehicle Electronic Control Unit (VECU) is unable to send and/or receive information across the J1939 data line. If either the Vehicle Electronic Control Unit (VECU) or the Engine
Management System (EMS) Module loses communication on the J1939 data line, code SID 231 will set and the Electronic Malfunction Lamp (EML) will turn on. The fault will become inactive if communication resumes. If communication is lost on both the J1587 and J1939 data lines the engine will NOT run.

Possible repairs:

Turn the ignition key OFF first.

1) Disconnect the Vehicle Electronic Control Unit (VECU) connectors A, B and C. Check for continuity between Vehicle Electronic Control Unit (VECU) connector C pin 4 and all other pins (except Vehicle Electronic Control Unit (VECU) connector C pin 5) on connectors A, B and C. Then check for continuity between Vehicle Electronic Control Unit (VECU) connector C pin 5 and all other pins (except Vehicle Electronic Control Unit (VECU) connector C pin 4) on connectors A, B and C. If continuity exists, repair or replace the damaged data line harness or connectors. If continuity does not exist, replace the Vehicle Electronic Control Unit (VECU).
2) Disconnect the Vehicle Electronic Control Unit (VECU) connector C. Check for continuity between Vehicle Electronic Control Unit (VECU) connector C pin 5 and pin D of the Data Link Connector (DLC). Then check for continuity between Vehicle Electronic Control Unit (VECU) connector C pin 4 and pin C of the Data Link Connector (DLC). If the continuity exists, replace the Vehicle Electronic Control Unit (VECU). If the continuity does not exists, locate and repair the open in the data line and retest the system.
3) Disconnect the CAN-BUS Termination Resistor connector. Check for continuity between pins 1 and 2 of the CAN-BUS Termination Resistor. If the resistance is NOT between 115–125 Ohms, replace the CAN-BUS Termination
Resistor.
4) Disconnect the Vehicle Electronic Control Unit (VECU) connector C. Check the resistance between the Vehicle Electronic Control Unit (VECU) connector C pins 4 and 5 on the VECU side. If continuity is between 115–125 Ohms, locate and repair an open in the data line. If continuity is NOT between 115–125 Ohms, check the Vehicle Electronic Control Unit (VECU) harness and all connections for loose, corroded or damaged terminals and repair or replace as necessary. If no loose, corroded or damaged terminals are found, replace the Vehicle Electronic Control Unit (VECU).

Fault Condition: The Electronic Malfunction Lamp (EML) will turn on and code SID 232 will set when the reference voltage to the Electronic Fan Controller, Boost Pressure Sensor and Intake Air Temperature and Humidity Sensor is less than 4.5 volts or greater than 5.5 volts. If the voltage returns to 4.5 volts to 5.5 volts, the fault will become inactive.

Possible repairs:

Turn the ignition key OFF first.

1) If code SID 232 is NOT set, wiggle the harness and connectors to try to set the code. Visually inspect the EMS Module connectors for frayed wires and loose or corroded connections.
2) Disconnect EMS Module connector A. Disconnect the Electronic Fan Controller, Boost Pressure Sensor and Intake Air Temperature and Humidity Sensor harness connectors. Check for continuity between EMS Module harness connector A, pin 7 and a good ground. If continuity exists, locate and repair the short circuit to ground.
3) Disconnect EMS Module connector A. Turn the ignition key ON. Measure the voltage between EMS Module connector A pin 7 and a good ground. If voltage is present, locate and repair the short circuit to voltage in circuit.
4) Disconnect EMS Module connector A. Disconnect the Electronic Fan Controller, Boost Pressure Sensor and Intake Air Temperature and Humidity Sensor harness connectors. Check for continuity between EMS Module
harness connector A, pin 7 and a pin 1 of the Electronic Fan Controller, Boost Pressure Sensor and Intake Air Temperature and Humidity Sensor connectors. If there is NO continuity, locate and repair the open in the circuit.
5) Disconnect EMS Module connector A. Visually inspect both sides of EMS Module connector A. If a repairable short circuit or damaged pins are found, repair or replace the harness connector.
6) Connect EMS Module connector A. Connect the Electronic Fan Controller, Boost Pressure Sensor and Intake Air Temperature and Humidity Sensor harness connectors. Start the engine and recheck for codes. If code SID 232 is still active, replace the EMS Module and retest the system. If code SID 232 is not active, the diagnostic procedures have corrected the problem. Check all connectors to ensure proper connections.

Fault Condition:

Code SID 253 will set when there is an internal sum error within the Engine Management System (EMS) Module. If FMI 2 is displayed, the engine will not start and the EMS software must be replaced. If FMI 12 is displayed, the EMS Module may be reprogrammed or replaced. Contact Mack OneCall before reprogramming or replacing EMS Module.

Fault Condition: A mechanical failure will set FMI 7 or FMI 12 will set if there is a failed device within the VGT SRA.

Possible repairs:

1) If code SID 27 is not set, wiggle the harness and connectors to try to set the code. Visually inspect the VGT SRA connector for poor connections.
2) A mechanical failure will set FMI 7 or FMI 12 will set if there is a failed device within the VGT SRA.